Source
McClelland John Jr. "Wobbly War: The Centralia Story." Tacoma, WA: Washington State Historical Society, 1987: 140.
Copeland, Tom. "The Centralia Tragedy of 1919: Elmer Smith and the Wobblies." Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 1993: 112.
Lampman, Ben Hur. "Centralia - Tragedy and Trial." Seattle, WA, 1965: 6.